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| MDM3004 | Hydrometallurgy | 3+0+0 | ECTS:4 | | Year / Semester | Spring Semester | | Level of Course | First Cycle | | Status | Compulsory | | Department | DEPARTMENT of MINING ENGINEERING | | Prerequisites and co-requisites | None | | Mode of Delivery | | | Contact Hours | 14 weeks - 3 hours of lectures per week | | Lecturer | Prof. Dr. Hacı DEVECİ | | Co-Lecturer | None | | Language of instruction | Turkish | | Professional practise ( internship ) | None | | | | The aim of the course: | | The objective of the module is to develop the basic knowledge of the unit processes of hydrometallurgy into an understanding of process routes for the extraction of base and precious metals, to provide students with the understanding of chemical and engineering aspects of hydrometallurgıcal processes and to enable the students to assess and develop alternative conceptual process flowsheets. |
| Learning Outcomes | CTPO | TOA | | Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to : | | | | LO - 1 : | learn, understand and effectively cominucate the fundamental concepts of hydrometallurgy | 1,2,3 | | | LO - 2 : | comprehend the technical, economic and environmental characteristics of hydrometallurgical processes for process selection | 1,2,3 | | | LO - 3 : | describe, comprehend and analyse the technical and scientific principles of unit processes in hydrometallurgy | 1,2,3 | | | LO - 4 : | promote critical thinking and capability to perform the basic engineering calculations related with hydrometallurgical processes | 1,2,3 | | | LO - 5 : | develop an understanding of interaction of hydrometallurgy with other disciplines and exploit the fundamental knowledge previously gained from the modules including chemistry, termodynamics and mineral processing. | 1,2,3 | | | LO - 6 : | understand and analyse the industrial hydrometallurgical processes | 1,2,3 | | | LO - 7 : | develop conceptual process flowsheet for a particular ore | 1,2,3 | | | CTPO : Contribution to programme outcomes, TOA :Type of assessment (1: written exam, 2: Oral exam, 3: Homework assignment, 4: Laboratory exercise/exam, 5: Seminar / presentation, 6: Term paper), LO : Learning Outcome | | |
| Introduction to hydrometallurgy; historical development of hydrometallurgy and, its role and importance in extractive metallurgy. Unit processes in hydrometallurgy. Physical, chemical and biological pretreatment methods. Gold ores. Pretreatment of refractory gold ores. Leaching: Reactions and reagents, leaching methods. In-situ leaching, heap and dump leaching, vat leaching, agitated tank and pressure leaching. Bioleaching/biooxidation of sulphide minerals. Cyanide leaching of gold and silver ores. Solid-liquid separation. Solution purification and concentration methods: Activated carbon adsorption, solvent extraction, ion exchange and precipitation. Metal/compound recovery by cementation/precipitation and electro-winning. |
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| Course Syllabus | | Week | Subject | Related Notes / Files | | Week 1 | Introduction to the module; objectives, scopes, resources, references and assessment. Introduction to extractive metallurgy. Metal and compound production from ores. Industrial processes. | | | Week 2 | Hydrometallurgy as a branch of extractive metallurgy. Role and importance, historical development, pros and cons of hydrometallurgy compared with pyrometallurgy. Development and application of hydrometallurgical processes. Unit operations in hydrometallurgy.
| | | Week 3 | Unit operations in hydrometallurgy. Pretreatment processes. Role and importance of ore pretreatment. Pyhsical, chemical and biological processes for pretreatment: Size reduction and concentration. Roasting, biooxidation and pressure oxidation. | | | Week 4 | Unit operations: Leaching. Role of leaching. Basic chemical principles: pH, Eh and solubility. Extraction. Basic hydrometallurgical calculations | | | Week 5 | Leaching reagents, their selection and leaching reactions.
Development of a leaching process in laboratory. Factors affecting the rate and extent of leaching. | | | Week 6 | Leaching methods and equipments (reactors). In-situ leaching, heap/dump leaching and agglomeration, percolation or vat leaching. | | | Week 7 | Agitated tank leaching and pressure leaching. Industrial applications. | | | Week 8 | Mid-term exam | | | Week 9 | Biooxidation and bioleaching. Principles and applications. Bacteria and their characteristics. Biooxidation of reractory gold ore/concentrates.
Solid/liquid separation and equipments. Thickeners and filters. Counter current decantaion circuits. | | | Week 10 | Solution purification (and concentration) methods and their applications in hydrometallurgy. Ion exchange and activated carbon adsorption. Activated carbons. Activated carbon processes for the recovery of gold from cyanide leaching solutions/pulps. | | | Week 11 | Solvent extraction. Principles and applications. SX reagents and equipments. SX circuits and basic engineering calculations. | | | Week 12 | Design of extraction and stripping circuits. McCabe-Thiele diagrams. Theoretical determination of the number of extraction/stripping stage required. Mass balance calculations in SX circuits.
| | | Week 13 | Chemical precipitation and cementation methods applied for the treatment/purification of pregnant leach solutions. Removal of ıron from pregnant leach solutions. | | | Week 14 | Metal/compound recovery from solutions. Electrowinning, chemical precipitation and cementation.
| | | Week 15 | Industrial hydrometallurgical processes for gold, copper, uranium and zinc. Conceptual development of hydrometallurgical processes for a particular ore.
Overview of the topics covered in the module.
Make-up week for the module. | | | Week 16 | End-of-term exam | | | |
| 1 | Deveci, H. 2009. Hidrometalurgy Ders Notlari. KTU Maden Mühendisliği, Trabzon. (Yayınlanmamış). | | | 2 | Habashi F. 1999. Textbook of Hydrometallurgy. 2nd Edition, Quebec City, Canada, ISBN 2-980-3247-7-9. | | | |
| 1 | Bartlett R.W. 1998. Solution Mining: Leaching Fluid Recovery of Materials. 2nd Edition, Gordan and Breach Sci. Pub. | | | 2 | Streat M., Naden D. 1987. Ion Exchange and Sorption Processes in Hydrometallurgy. Critical Reports on Applied Chemistry, Vol 19. John Wiley& Sons. | | | 3 | Gupta C.K., Mukherjee T.K. 1990. Hydrometallurgy in Extraction Processes, Vol 1 and Vol 2. CRC press. | | | 4 | Hayes P.C. 2003. Process Principles in Minerals and Materials Production, 3rd Edition. Hayes Publishing, Sherwood, Queensland, Australia. | | | 5 | Jackson E. 1986. Hydrometallurgical Extraction and Reclamation. Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester. | | | 6 | Akdağ M. 1992. Hidrometalurji-Temel Esasları ve Uygulamalar. 2. Baskı. D.E.Ü. Müh. Mim. Fak. Yayını, No 88. İzmir (In Turkish). | | | 7 | Davenport W.G.L., King M., Schlesinger M., Biswas A.K. 2002. Extractive Metallurgy of Copper. 4th Edition. Pergamon Press, Elsevier Science, Oxford. | | | |
| Method of Assessment | | Type of assessment | Week No | Date | Duration (hours) | Weight (%) | | Mid-term exam | 8 | | 2 | 50 | | End-of-term exam | 16 | | 2 | 50 | | |
| Student Work Load and its Distribution | | Type of work | Duration (hours pw) | No of weeks / Number of activity | Hours in total per term | | Yüz yüze eğitim | 3 | 15 | 45 | | Sınıf dışı çalışma | 1 | 10 | 10 | | Laboratuar çalışması | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Arasınav için hazırlık | 2 | 4 | 8 | | Arasınav | 2 | 1 | 2 | | Uygulama | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Klinik Uygulama | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Ödev | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Proje | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Kısa sınav | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Dönem sonu sınavı için hazırlık | 2 | 4 | 8 | | Dönem sonu sınavı | 2 | 1 | 2 | | Diğer 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Diğer 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Total work load | | | 75 |
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