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| JFZ7177 | Analysis of Noise in Ground Penetrating Radar | 3+0+0 | ECTS:7.5 | | Year / Semester | Fall Semester | | Level of Course | Third Cycle | | Status | Elective | | Department | DEPARTMENT of GEOPHYSICAL ENGINEERING | | Prerequisites and co-requisites | None | | Mode of Delivery | Face to face | | Contact Hours | 14 weeks - 3 hours of lectures per week | | Lecturer | Prof. Dr. Aysel ŞEREN | | Co-Lecturer | None | | Language of instruction | Turkish | | Professional practise ( internship ) | None | | | | The aim of the course: | | The aim of this course is to eliminate noises in georadar data. |
| Programme Outcomes | CTPO | TOA | | Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to : | | | | PO - 1 : | explain noise sources in ground penetrating radar (GPR) | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | PO - 2 : | learn Dewow, energy decay or AGC, background removal on radargrams | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | PO - 3 : | process ringing | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | PO - 4 : | learn the roughness of the ground and effect of the metallic pipe on the surface | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | PO - 5 : | comprehend an example of f-k filtering application for removing multiples from GPR section.section | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | PO - 6 : | removing bounce effect using background removal | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | PO - 7 : | obtain radar section with surface scattering from buildings with unshielded antenna | 1,4,7,9 | 1 | | CTPO : Contribution to programme outcomes, TOA :Type of assessment (1: written exam, 2: Oral exam, 3: Homework assignment, 4: Laboratory exercise/exam, 5: Seminar / presentation, 6: Term paper), PO : Learning Outcome | | |
| General content of ground penetrating radar measured in field. Analysis of noises caused by the system used, type of antenna and enviromental effects in GPR data. New methods in GPR data prosessing and testing of these technics. Experiments on artifacial and observed GPR data. Reflections collected with unshielded can be artifact of structures above ground. GPR systems are essentially wideband receivers and therefore, susceptible to interference from various sources such as man-made objects, FM radio transmitters. Noise Sources in GPR Method: Surface objects such as trees, walls, fence, cables of the GPR system used, Power cables buried or overhead, Geological properties are not interested, Conductive materials such as clay, saline water, roughness of the ground. To remove these noise in radargrams with basic and advanced data processing techniques. |
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| Course Syllabus | | Week | Subject | Related Notes / Files | | Week 1 | Surface noise sources in GPR method | | | Week 2 | Surface objects such as trees, walls, fences; Cables of the GPR system used | | | Week 3 | Power cables buried or overhead; Geological properties are not interested; Conductive materials such as clay, saline water; Roughness of the ground | | | Week 4 | Applied basic data processing steps on GPR section. Advanced data processing techniques applied in GPR method | | | Week 5 | Airwave events dominated in some situations; this is a fact of life and must be accepted as one of the limitations of GPR | | | Week 6 | What is DC in GPR data? DC removal application on a GPR trace | | | Week 7 | GPR data collected with 25 MHz unshielded antenna and return reflected signal's amplitude spectrums with DC and without DC component | | | Week 8 | Mid-term exam | | | Week 9 | What does dewow mean in GPR data? An example of dewow application on the GPR data | | | Week 10 | Horizontal lines in reflection profiles caused by much of the "noise" some effects. They obscure the "real" reflections and must be removed | | | Week 11 | How does Ringing occur in GPR data? Overloads caused from power on antenna; Occur when radar signals bounce back and forth between high-conductive reflector and an antenna; Oscillations originated from roughness of topography
| | | Week 12 | Effect of the metallic pipes on the surface in GPR data | | | Week 13 | Examples of f-k filtering application for removing multiples from GPR section | | | Week 14 | An other example of ringing caused from topography roughness. The event is virtually removed with using f-k filter | | | Week 15 | Surface reflections on GPR data. A radargram with surface scattering from buildings. An example of diffraction adaptation on GPR data collected with 25 MHz unshielded antenna. | | | Week 16 | End-of-term exam | | | |
| 1 | Annan, A.P. 2003; Practical Processing of GPR Data, Sensor and Software | | | 2 | Daniels, D. 2007; Ground Penetrating Radar, 2nd Ed., IEE Radar, Sonar, Navigation and Avionics Series. | | | 3 | Kim J.-H., Cho S.-J, Yi M.-J. 2007; Removal of ringing noise in GPR data by signal processing, Geosciences Journal, 11, 1, 75 - 81. | | | |
| Method of Assessment | | Type of assessment | Week No | Date | Duration (hours) | Weight (%) | | Mid-term exam | 8 | | 2 | 30 | | In-term studies (second mid-term exam) | 12 | | 2 | 20 | | End-of-term exam | 16 | | 2 | 50 | | |
| Student Work Load and its Distribution | | Type of work | Duration (hours pw) | No of weeks / Number of activity | Hours in total per term | | Yüz yüze eğitim | 3 | 14 | 42 | | Sınıf dışı çalışma | 4 | 14 | 56 | | Laboratuar çalışması | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Arasınav için hazırlık | 15 | 2 | 30 | | Arasınav | 1 | 1 | 1 | | Uygulama | 2 | 2 | 4 | | Klinik Uygulama | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Ödev | 3 | 4 | 12 | | Proje | 6 | 3 | 18 | | Kısa sınav | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Dönem sonu sınavı için hazırlık | 20 | 3 | 60 | | Dönem sonu sınavı | 1 | 1 | 1 | | Diğer 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Diğer 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Total work load | | | 224 |
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