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| DEN 600 | Pulpal and Periapical Diseases | 2+0+0 | ECTS:7.5 | | Year / Semester | Fall Semester | | Level of Course | Third Cycle | | Status | Elective | | Department | DEPARTMENT of ENDODONTICS | | Prerequisites and co-requisites | None | | Mode of Delivery | Face to face | | Contact Hours | 14 weeks - 2 hours of lectures per week | | Lecturer | -- | | Co-Lecturer | Prof. Dr. Tamer TAŞDEMİR | | Language of instruction | Turkish | | Professional practise ( internship ) | None | | | | The aim of the course: | | To inform practitioner in embriology, cellular contents, functions, diseases, intercommunication, treatment techniques and healing mechanisms of pulpal and periapical tissues with critical points.
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| Programme Outcomes | CTPO | TOA | | Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to : | | | | PO - 1 : | determine the periapical pathology and factors and procedures that causes damage on periapical tissues.
| 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,16,19 | 1 | | PO - 2 : | determine the acute apical periodontitis, acute apical abcess, chronic apikal abcess, chronic apical periodontitis,apical cyst.
| 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,16,19 | 1 | | PO - 3 : | perform the abcess drainage.
| 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12 | 1 | | PO - 4 : | perform the root canal treatment. | 1,2,3,4,10,11,12,14,16,19 | 1 | | CTPO : Contribution to programme outcomes, TOA :Type of assessment (1: written exam, 2: Oral exam, 3: Homework assignment, 4: Laboratory exercise/exam, 5: Seminar / presentation, 6: Term paper), PO : Learning Outcome | | |
| Initially the student has to understand the stages of tooth development, differentiation of odontoblasts, root development, formation of epithelial rests of Malassez and accessory canals. Additionally, types of dentin, predentin, dentinal tubules, peritubular dentin, intertubular dentin, dentinal sclerosis, interglobular dentin and formation and functions of dentinal fluid are learned. The mechanical properties of root dentin and odontoblast layer, cell-poor zone, cell-rich zone and pulp proper that are morphologic zones of the pulp subjects are told. With the cells of pulp including odontoblasts (odontoblast processes, relationship of odontoblast structure to function), pulp fibroblasts, macrophages, dentritic cells, lymphocites and mast cells, matabolism, ground substance, and connective tissue fibers of the pulp have to learned. Innervation of pulp has been detailed like this: neuropeptides, plasticity of intradental nerve fibers, hyperalgesia and painful pulpitis. In addition to vascular supply of pulp, regulation of pulpal blood flow and lenfatic system have been noted. The repair mechanisms of pulp, pulpal calcifications and age changes are discussed. At the end of the first part, the causes of pulpal diseases and their pathways, histopatologies, types and alternative treatment techniques are taught.
Intercommunication between pulp and periodontal tissues, embriology of the periradicular tissues, portraying of periradicular tissues and their cellular and functional components, influence of pulpal pathologic condition on the periodontium and influence of periodontal inflammation on the pulp are conversed. The periapical lesions, their ethiologies, formation, diognoses and alternative tretment techniques are demonstrated. Finally repair mechanisms are detailed. |
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| Course Syllabus | | Week | Subject | Related Notes / Files | | Week 1 | Tooth development; stages of development, differentiation of odontoblasts, root development, epithelial rests of malassez, accessory canals. | | | Week 2 | Dentin; types, predentin, mineralization, dentnal tubules, peritubular dentin, intertubular dentin, dentinal sclerosis, interglobular dentin, dentinal fluid, dentinal permeability. | | | Week 3 | Mechanical properties of dentin. | | | Week 4 | Morphologic zones of the pulp; odontoblast layer, cell-poor zone, cell-rich zone, pulp proper. | | | Week 5 | Cells of the pulp; odontoblast, odontoblast process, relationship of odontoblast structure to function, pulp fibroblast, macrophage, dendritic cell, lymphocyte, mast cell.
Metabolism of the pulp. | | | Week 6 | Ground substance,connective tissue fibers of the pulp. | | | Week 7 | Innervation; pulp testing, sensitivity of dentin, neuropeptides, plasticity of intradental nerve fibers, hyperalgesia, painful pulpitis. | | | Week 8 | Mid-term exam | | | Week 9 | Periapical tissues; development, structures, zones, functions. | | | Week 10 | Pulpitis-I; etiology of pulpitis, histopathology. | | | Week 11 | Pulpitis-II; classification of the pulpitis (normal pulp, reversible pulpitis, irreversible pulpitis, necrosis, gangrene). | | | Week 12 | Pulpitis-III; treatment of pulpitis. | | | Week 13 | Apical periodontitis-I; etiology of periodontitis, histopathology. | | | Week 14 | Apical periodontitis-II; classification of the periodontitis (periradicular periodontitis, periradicular abscess. | | | Week 15 | Apical periodontitis-III; treatment of periodontitis. | | | Week 16 | End-of-term exam | | | |
| 1 | Cohen S, Hargreaves KM. 2009; Pathways of the Pulp, 9th ed., Mosby Inc., St. Louis. | | | 2 | Bergenholtz G, Hersted-Bindslev. 2010; Textbook of Endodontology, Wiley-Blackwell, London. | | | 3 | Hargreaves KM, Goodis HE, Seltzer S. 2002; Seltzer and Bender's Dental Pulp, Quintessence Pub Co., London. | | | |
| 1 | Torabinejad M, Walton RE. 2008; Endodontics: Principles and Practice, 4th ed., Saunders, London. | | | 2 | Alaçam T. 2000; Endodonti, Şafak Matbaacılık 2. Baskı, Ankara. | | | 3 | Çalışkan MK. 2006; Endodontide Tanı ve Tedaviler, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri 1. Baskı, İstanbul. | | | 4 | Tronstad L. 2008; Clinical Endodontics: A Textbook, 3rd ed., Thieme, London. | | | 5 | Bayırlı G. 1998; Endodontik Tedavi, İÜ Basımevi, İstanbul. | | | 6 | Journal of Endodontics-http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00992399International Endodontic Journal-http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118494067Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology-http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/10792104 | | | |
| Method of Assessment | | Type of assessment | Week No | Date | Duration (hours) | Weight (%) | | Mid-term exam | 8 | | 1 | 50 | | End-of-term exam | 16 | | 1 | 50 | | |
| Student Work Load and its Distribution | | Type of work | Duration (hours pw) | No of weeks / Number of activity | Hours in total per term | | Ödev | 1 | 14 | 14 | | Total work load | | | 14 |
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